Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in oral precancerous and cancerous conditions and its inhibition by caffeic acid phenyl ester-enriched propolis in human oral epidermal carcinoma KB cells

Authors

  • Hui-Fang Chiu Department of Chinese Medicine, Taichung Hospital Ministry of Health and Wellbeing, Taichung
  • Chang-Shyue Yang Department of Dentistry, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua County
  • Hsien-I Chi School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City
  • Yi-Chun Han School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City
  • You-Cheng Shen School of Health Diet and Industry Management, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City
  • Kamesh Venkatakrishnan School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City
  • Chin-Kun Wang School of Nutrition, Chung Shan Medical University, 110, Sec. 1, Jianguo North Road, Taichung City

Keywords:

cyclooxygenase-2, oral submucous fibrosis, oral leukoplakia, oral squamous cell carcinoma, propolis

Abstract

Oral cancer accounts for 3-5% of all cancers worldwide. The present study was undertaken to investigate the correlation between overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and various grades of oral cancer, and to ascertain the inhibitory effect of propolis in the human oral carcinoma cell line. For ex vivo studies, 45 patients with oral submucous fibrosis (OSF; n=15), oral leukoplakia (OLP; n=18) and oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC; n=18) were recruited, and a biopsy was done to determine COX-2 protein expression by Western blotting and immunohistochemistry (IHC). For the in vitro study, COX-2 levels were measured in human oral epidermal carcinoma cell line by immune blotting and IHC. The results of ex vivo studies by Western blotting revealed that COX-2 protein levels were highly upregulated in OSCC tissue, followed by OLP and OSF. The levels of COX-2 expression also showed a positive correlation with the grade (severity) of each oral precancerous and cancerous condition. Immunohistochemistry analysis revealed the presence of intense COX-2 staining in the cells of OSCC tissue, equivalent to the OLP and OSF specimens. In the in vitro study of oral carcinoma KB cells, Western blotting and IHC analysis showed that caffeic acid phenyl ester (CAPE)-rich propolis and celecoxib, a standard COX-2 inhibitor, markedly downregulated COX-2 expression. These results suggest that propolis exhibits a chemopreventive potential by lowering COX-2 expression in the oral carcinoma KB cell line. Hence, propolis might be used as an adjuvant therapy for treating oral cancer with standard chemotherapy drugs.

DOI: 10.2298/ABS160324081C

Received: March 24, 2016; Revised: May 23, 2016; Accepted: May 24, 2016; Published online: September 19, 2016

How to cite this article: Venkatakrishnan K, Wang CK. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in oral precancerous and cancerous conditions and its inhibition by caffeic acid phenyl ester-enriched propolis in human oral epidermal carcinoma KB cells. Arch Biol Sci. 2017;69(1):83-91.

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Published

2017-03-07

How to Cite

1.
Chiu H-F, Yang C-S, Chi H-I, Han Y-C, Shen Y-C, Venkatakrishnan K, Wang C-K. Cyclooxygenase-2 expression in oral precancerous and cancerous conditions and its inhibition by caffeic acid phenyl ester-enriched propolis in human oral epidermal carcinoma KB cells. Arch Biol Sci [Internet]. 2017Mar.7 [cited 2024Apr.19];69(1):83-91. Available from: https://www.serbiosoc.org.rs/arch/index.php/abs/article/view/377

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